Antimony pentachloride
Antimony pentachloride - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Antimony pentachloride |
| Synonyms | Antimony Chloride Antimony perchloride Antimony(V) Chloride Antimony (V) Chloride Amtimony pentachloride Pentachloroantimony(V) Antimony pentachloride pentachloro-λ5-stibane Antimony(V)Pentachloride Antimony Chloride Liquid pentachloro-lambda~5~-stibane antimony(5+)ato pentachlorido Antimony(V) chloride,Antimony pentachloride AntiMony(V)-chloride, 1M solution in Methylene chloride, AcroSeal |
| CAS | 7647-18-9 |
| EINECS | 231-601-8 |
| InChI | InChI=1/5ClH.Sb/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+5/p-5 |
Antimony pentachloride - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Cl5Sb |
| Molar Mass | 299.02 |
| Density | 2.36g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 2.8°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 92°C30mm Hg(lit.) |
| Flash Point | 79°C/22mm |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water (react), chloroform, hydrochloric acid, and carbon tetrachloride. |
| Solubility | Soluble in HCl, chloroform, carbon tetrachlorideMiscible with chloroform, hydrochloric acid, tartaric acid, carbon disulfide and carbon tetrachloride. |
| Vapor Presure | 0.13 psi ( 55 °C) |
| Vapor Density | >10.2 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Specific Gravity | 2.336 |
| Color | Red-yellow |
| Odor | offensive odor |
| Merck | 14,695 |
| Stability | Stable, but reacts with moisture and water. Releases highly toxic fumes if involved in a fire. |
| Sensitive | Moisture Sensitive |
| Refractive Index | 1.601 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Melting Point: 2.8 Boiling Point: 140 density: 2.3 water-soluble: react with water Appearance: colorless to yellow oily liquid, generating smoke in humid air |
| Use | Used as high purity analysis reagent, Catalyst, also used in the preparation of high purity antimony |
Antimony pentachloride - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Downstream Products | 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane |
Antimony pentachloride - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
white or light yellow oily liquid, odor and corrosive. Melting point 28 °c. Boiling point 79 degrees C (29kPa). Liquid relative density (d40)2. 336. Soluble in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, tartaric acid, hydrochloric acid. Strong hygroscopicity, wet air decomposition to produce smoke. In case of a small amount of water or moisture absorption, it becomes hydrate and solidifies. In water, hydrolysis is caused to form antimony pentachloride and hydrogen chloride. Interaction with non-metallic elements to generate double salt. The reaction with the metal chloride results in the corresponding crystalline compound of the hexachloroantimonate salt, such as SbCls · 3NH4C1. With organic compounds
The reaction produced an addition compound, which began to decompose at 140 °c. Corrosive to many metals in humid air environments.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Antimony pentachloride - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- metallic antimony method: an antimony ingot was crushed into a 3cm antimony block, which was added to a reactor, and chlorine gas was introduced into the reactor to conduct a chlorination reaction to generate antimony pentachloride, which was then distilled under reduced pressure to obtain antimony pentachloride. The reaction scheme is as follows: in the production process of 2sb5 Cl2 -2SbCl5, because the arsenic chloride generated by the action of arsenic and chlorine brought in by metallic antimony is a highly toxic substance, the production equipment should be sealed.
- antimony trichloride method: Antimony trichloride is added to a reactor, and chlorine gas is introduced to conduct a chlorination reaction to generate antimony pentachloride, and antimony pentachloride is obtained by distillation under reduced pressure.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:59:50
Antimony pentachloride - Application
Open Data Verified Data
In the chemical industry as a catalyst for the chlorination of hydrocarbons, dye industry for the manufacture of dye intermediates, rubber, plastics, textile industry as flame retardants, analytical chemistry is used as an analytical reagent for testing alkaloids and cesium. It is also used as a raw material for the manufacture of high-purity antimony.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
Antimony pentachloride - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
is a Class I inorganic corrosion articles, risk code: acid corrosion products. GB 8.1 class 81047. No. 1730; IMDG CODE 8116 P. 8.1 class. Available small opening steel drum; Glass bottle or plastic drum (tank) outside the full opening steel drum; Glass bottle or plastic drum (tank) outside the ordinary wooden box or half-flowered wooden box; ground glass bottles or ordinary wooden cases outside the threaded mouth glass bottles; Ordinary wooden cases outside the ampoule bottles; Ordinary wooden cases outside the threaded mouth glass bottles, iron cover pressure mouth glass bottles, plastic bottles or metal barrels (cans). With glass bottles, each bottle of 0. 5kg net weight, external use of wooden box packaging, filled with vermiculite and so on. The package shall be marked with "corrosive items. During transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall or damage. During transport should be protected against exposure to sunlight, rain, and high temperature. When loading and unloading, it should be handled with care to prevent the rupture of the packaging bottle. Should not be stored for a long time to avoid deterioration. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. The temperature of the library is not more than 25 degrees C, and the relative humidity is not more than 75%. It shall not be stored and mixed with toxic substances, acids, alkalis, alcohols and edible chemicals. The packaging must be sealed and free from moisture. Should not be stored for a long time to avoid deterioration. The storage area shall be equipped with emergency treatment equipment for leakage and appropriate containment materials. When there is a fire, it can be suppressed by dry sand and dry powder fire extinguishing, but water is not allowed. Toxicity and protection: LD501115mg/kg (rat, oral). LC50 720mg/ma, 2H (rat, inhalation). This product is non-flammable, strong corrosive, strong irritant, can cause human body burns. Has a strong stimulating effect on the eyes, skin, mucous membranes and respiratory tract. Inhalation may be due to laryngeal, bronchial spasm, edema, inflammation, chemical Pneumonia, pulmonary edema and death. Poisoning manifestations were burning, Cough, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, Head Pain, Nausea and Vomit. For patients who inhale dust, they should leave the contaminated area, rest and stay warm, and seek medical treatment. When the skin is in contact with or the eyes are stimulated, they should be washed with a large amount of water, and those who are serious should be treated in time, he was also sent to hospital for treatment.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:59:51
Antimony pentachloride - Reference Information
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| toxicity | see antimony trichloride. |
| purpose | used as high-purity analytical reagent, Catalyst, also used in the preparation of high purity antimony used as a catalyst in the replacement of fluorine with chlorine in the production of organic compounds. Used as a raw material for the manufacture of high-purity antimony. The dye industry is used in the manufacture of dye intermediates. |
| production method | can be made by the metal antimony method or the antimony compound method. The antimony ingot is broken into 3 cm antimony blocks by the antimony metal method, and the reaction is carried out by adding chlorine gas to the reactor, and the chlorination reaction is carried out to generate antimony pentachloride, which is distilled under reduced pressure to obtain antimony pentachloride. In the production process of 2Sb 5C12 → 2SbC15, the arsenic chloride generated by the action of arsenic and chlorine brought in by metallic antimony is a highly toxic substance, and the production equipment should be sealed. Antimony trichloride antimony trichloride is added into the reactor, chlorine gas is introduced for chlorination reaction to generate antimony pentachloride, and antimony pentachloride is prepared by distillation under reduced pressure. SbC13 C12 → SbC15 |
| category | corrosive article |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 1115 mg/kg; Inhalation-mouse LC50:620 mg/m3 |
| flammability hazard characteristics | Fever in water, smoke, produce corrosive hydrogen chloride gas; highly pyrogenic decomposition of toxic chlorides and antimony-containing compound fumes |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from alkalis and food additives |
| fire extinguishing agent | dry sand, dry powder, carbon dioxide; No water |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 0.5 mg (antimony)/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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